Standardization ensures that inspections are repeatable. The standard dictates that for direct visual inspection (using the naked eye or a magnifying glass):
A: Yes. Lux meters, magnifiers with reticles, and weld gauges should have traceable calibration certificates. This is implied under clause 5.3 of ISO 17637. iso 17637 pdf
Looking for visible flaws like cracks, cavities, lack of fusion, or incorrect weld profiles. Standardization ensures that inspections are repeatable
Ensuring smooth transitions between the weld metal and the base material without abrupt changes. magnifiers with reticles
Borescopes, mirrors, or fiber-optic cameras for restricted access areas. Linear scales and calipers. Inspection Stages Outlined in the Standard