: Assumes the plastic strain increment is normal to the yield surface (Normality Rule), common in metal plasticity but often less accurate for frictional materials like soil.
Ideal for modeling soft clay behavior, consolidation, and volumetric change during loading. 3. Drucker-Prager Model
Predicting the "plastic zone" around an excavation to design rock bolts and shotcrete lining.
Before diving into complex models, it is essential to understand the general mechanics of inelastic behavior: