S-GW re-routes user data packets to the new target eNodeB to ensure service continuity. 4. EPC and Future Evolution
The connects the EPC to external networks, such as the internet or IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem). Key functions include: IP Address Allocation: Assigns IP addresses to the UE. S-GW re-routes user data packets to the new
: The main user-plane gateway and the mobility anchor for the UE. It routes and forwards user data packets, manages handovers by switching the data path, and buffers downlink data for UEs in idle mode, triggering paging when data arrives. S1-U (User Plane)
S1-MME (Control Plane), S1-U (User Plane), S5/S8 (Core Engine Interconnect) S5/S8 (Core Engine Interconnect)